• potassium level
• digitalis toxicity
• bradycardia
• other drug toxicity

lidocaine 1mg/kg IV

lidocaine 0.5mg/kg IV every 2-5 min up to 3mg/kg

procainamide 20mg/min IV up to 1,000mg

bretylium 5-10mg/kg over 8-10 min

consider overdrive pacing

Maintainence Drip after Bolus

• lidocaine 0-1mg/kg -> 2mg/min
• lidocaine 1-2mg/kg -> 3mg/min
• lidocaine 2-3mg/kg -> 4mg/min
• procainamide -> 1-4mg/min (need levels)
• bretylium -> 2mg/min